In September 2017, the available literature on Middle Eastern facial anthropometry, cephalometry, and perceptions of beauty was reviewed in preparation for a consensus meeting. Maps showing (A) countries and geographic subregions represented by the Consensus Group on Middle Eastern Beauty and (B) an overview of selected migration patterns that contributed to the ethnic origins of people in the Middle East. Using the findings from these workbooks, a more detailed multiple-choice SurveyMonkey (Galderma, Q-Med AB, Uppsala, Sweden) questionnaire was developed in 2017 to capture country-specific patient treatment preferences and standards of beauty for each facial feature. Following an initial advisory board in 2016, each member of the consensus group completed a detailed “workbook” structured to identify historical and contemporary influential icons of beauty, and descriptions of characteristic beauty in his or her own country/subregion. The goal was to develop consensus opinions regarding facial beauty among Middle Eastern women. On the basis of their expertise and clinical practice location, 17 Middle Eastern dermatologists and plastic surgeons who had 7.5–25 (mean 13.5) years of experience in aesthetic medicine were invited to participate in this consensus project. Based on the expertise of aesthetic experts from the Gulf, Iran, Lebanon, and Egypt, its objective is to describe subregional preferences regarding facial beauty among Middle Eastern women, their facial characteristics and aesthetic deficiencies, and the solutions that can be provided by facial injectable treatments.įemale Middle Eastern beauty from the Gulf (comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), Iran, Lebanon, and Egypt (Fig. It is aimed at those who may be unfamiliar with aesthetic preferences among women from different parts of the Middle East, or ignorant of their facial anthropometry. This consensus paper was developed to inform and educate practitioners worldwide who treat Middle Eastern women. ![]() Thus, a lack of knowledge and insight into the aesthetic preferences and facial anthropometry of Middle Eastern women might lead practitioners inadvertently to impose Western beauty ideals or create aesthetic results without regard to culturally recognized or identified facial characteristics. What has been published rarely covers more than one Middle Eastern country or ethnic group. 4– 10 The region is characterized by a wide range of ethnic and racial diversity, even within individual countries. Literature describing standards of beauty across the Middle East is relatively scarce, compared with those for white, Asian, and African populations. 2 A desire to boost self-confidence is now as important as improving the aesthetics of sagging skin, according to a commercial survey of nearly 8,000 women to assess the evolving beauty needs of women around the world. 1Ī survey of Saudi women revealed that improving self-esteem was their most common motive for undergoing a cosmetic procedure, and that wearing a veil is no barrier in seeking cosmetic treatment. An analysis of more than 5,000 female models in fashion magazines from 12 countries suggested that the image of beauty was more the result of editorial decisions than objective principles, with North American and European magazines dominating these beauty standards. ![]() The Egyptian queen Nefertiti has long symbolized and influenced perceptions of beauty worldwide and in the Middle East, but influential Middle Eastern beauty icons are otherwise scarce in contemporary media and consciousness. ![]() Rising standards of living and growing independence also enable increasing numbers of Middle Eastern women worldwide to seek treatment from aesthetic practitioners who may have been trained in the Middle East or elsewhere. Aesthetic facial treatment to enhance beauty has become more normalized in traditionally conservative Middle Eastern societies following the emergence of internet-based social media.
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